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The progress of science and technology has added the word "smart" to the name of glasses, watches, necklaces and other items we wear. Even the mobile phone used to make calls and send messages has become a smart phone. It is true that smart devices are more versatile, but is intelligence more convenient? I don't know anything else, at least not in charging.

At present, the battery life of mainstream lithium batteries is only a few days, and wearable devices are generally small. The energy density of lithium batteries determines that their volume proportion is not small. Although the energy density of nuclear battery is high, the "nuclear" color changes. How to solve the battery problem of current intelligent wearable devices? What is the next generation of lithium batteries? Some scientists put forward the concept of "printable flexible battery".

Printable flexible battery?

Now, flexible battery is not a concept for scientists to solve the problem of equipment power supply. Researchers at the University of California have built it and used 3D printers to produce extremely small zinc battery particles. Of course, there are also many kinds of materials. Carbon fiber and graphene are popular in the research field, but zinc battery is more qualified in the battery manufacturing field (for example, the cost is not particularly high).

Since it is the successor of lithium battery, the power supply performance is naturally better. First of all, from the metal perspective, zinc is more stable than lithium, and is less prone to chemical reaction, which enhances the battery's ability to recharge repeatedly. Then there is the electrolysis process. The zinc will take the form of a tree branch, spreading from one electrode to another, which reduces unnecessary power consumption and lasts longer.

The last is flexibility. It is not that other metals cannot be used as flexible batteries. It is only found during the battery flexibility test that other batteries break after about 1000 times of bending, while zinc batteries still maintain stable flexibility. The consequences of breaking on the battery may be safety problems caused by material wear and electrolyte leakage.

Latest progress

How high is the energy density of flexible battery? Recently, scientists have developed an experimental chemical battery for flexible equipment. It is said that the energy density is 10 times of the current lithium ion. The battery mentioned in this study is a chemical battery called silver zinc oxide.

In fact, considering the energy density and safety performance, silver zinc oxide battery has been the focus of research. The cathode of the battery is coated with lead oxide, which can improve the electrochemical stability and conductivity of the battery, and reduce the resistance of the battery to alternating current. But why is this technology not widely used? Not to mention the cost, but the technology is unstable point cycle (short battery life).

What breakthrough has this research made? The researchers used the method of screen printing silver zinc oxide battery, and assembled the printed cell batteries together under sterile and vacuum conditions, which solved the problem of unstable battery cycle. After experiments, researchers found the "ink formula" for printing. The collector, zinc anode, new cathode and separator of the battery were screen printed layer by layer on the chemically stable polymer film. The melting point of the film was about 200 ° C.

As for the test, the printed battery cell has been charged for more than 80 cycles and shows any obvious signs of capacity loss. The cell battery maintains its normal function despite repeated bending and twisting. By comparison, if this battery is used in intelligent wearable devices, it can provide 5 to 10 times more power than typical lithium-ion batteries of the same size.

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