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04. Can compensate for different battery shortcomings, but still difficult to achieve perfection

The biggest reason behind the emergence of mixed batteries such as ternary iron lithium batteries is that there are still certain shortcomings in power batteries at present.

At present, the commonly used ternary lithium battery and Lithium iron phosphate battery have their own advantages and disadvantages. In recent years, ternary lithium batteries have rapidly risen, and almost all flagship models of various car companies have adopted ternary lithium batteries, which have become standard equipment for high-end models.

This is also inseparable from the characteristics of ternary lithium batteries. The positive electrode material of ternary lithium batteries is mainly nickel cobalt manganese. The higher the content of nickel, the higher the energy density of the battery. Currently, the proportion of nickel in the highest energy density ternary lithium battery NCM811 exceeds 80%.

On the other hand, the charging performance of ternary lithium batteries is also very good, basically able to charge up to 80% in 30 minutes, making them the fastest charging product among mass-produced power batteries. In low-temperature environments, the performance of ternary lithium batteries is also better, and at the same time, the SOC detection of the battery will be more accurate, providing a good reference for user driving behavior.

Correspondingly, ternary lithium batteries also face issues of high cost, relatively low safety, and long service life.

On the contrary, Lithium iron phosphate battery has a longer service life, less probability of Thermal runaway and lower cost. However, there are also issues such as poor conductivity, low voltage, low energy density, poor low-temperature performance, and inaccurate SOC detection.

After careful analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these two batteries, it is not difficult to find that ternary lithium battery and Lithium iron phosphate battery seem to be at two extremes, forming a complementary relationship.

NIO's ternary iron lithium battery has officially seen a combination of these two types of batteries, making up for the shortcomings of both types of batteries to a certain extent.

Compared with the Lithium iron phosphate battery, the low-temperature performance of the ternary lithium iron battery will be more prominent. According to the official data from Weilai, the low-temperature endurance loss of the ternary lithium iron battery has decreased by 25%.

The ternary lithium iron battery also makes up for the inaccurate SOC estimation of Lithium iron phosphate battery, reducing the error to less than 3%. Such data has been basically consistent with the ternary lithium battery.

At the same time, after being equipped with the NIO 75kWh ternary iron lithium battery, the vehicle's range has also been improved compared to the 70kWh ternary iron lithium battery, and the entire series of vehicles can be extended by 30-35 kilometers.

Equipped with a ternary lithium iron battery, the range of all NIO models has been improved

Compared to ternary lithium batteries, there has also been a significant decrease in cost. Although the price of NIO's 75KWh battery pack is the same as the previous 70kWh battery pack, there has been a 5kWh increase in capacity. Overall, the cost has still decreased.

In terms of energy density, NIO's ternary iron lithium battery has also made significant improvements. According to the data of Weilai, the energy density of the ternary lithium iron battery is 14% higher than that of the Lithium iron phosphate battery, which can reach 142Wh/kg.

But in essence, the ternary lithium iron battery is closer to the Lithium iron phosphate battery.

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