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The Nissan brand among the three Japanese brands has chosen to establish a joint venture with Sumitomo Corporation, 4REergy, to establish a factory specializing in the reuse and treatment of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. The recycled batteries that cannot be reused will be concentrated as energy storage equipment for commercial residential use.

Firstly, we need to understand what recycling is. Recycling actually refers to the multi-level and reasonable utilization of waste lithium power batteries in new energy vehicles, mainly including cascade utilization and resource regeneration.

Currently, the power batteries on the market are mainly divided into two types: ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries, both of which contain heavy metals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese. Among them, cobalt and nickel are rare mineral resources at the level of Chinese sturgeon in China, which are very precious.

The methods for recycling heavy metals from waste batteries are also different domestically and internationally. The European Union mainly extracts useful metals through processes such as pyrolysis wet purification, crushing pyrolysis distillation pyrometallurgy, while domestic recycling companies typically use pyrolysis mechanical disassembly, physical sorting, and wet metallurgy processes to treat waste batteries.

Secondly, considering the complex composition ratio of power batteries, different types of batteries have different recovery rates, and different types of batteries also have different recovery processes. For example, the recovery of cobalt and nickel is generally better by pyrometallurgical extraction, while hydrometallurgy is more effective in recovering metals from lithium phosphate ferroelectric batteries.

On the other hand, although waste batteries can be recycled and reused, the economic benefits of recycling them are not high. According to data, the current cost of recycling 1 ton of lithium iron phosphate batteries is around 8500 yuan. However, after refining the metal from waste batteries, the market value obtained ranges from 9000 to 10000 yuan, with very low profits.

As for ternary lithium batteries, although the recycling efficiency is higher than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries, due to the toxicity of cobalt and the risk of secondary pollution and even explosion caused by improper operation, there are higher requirements for equipment and personnel, and the cost expenditure is higher. However, the economic benefits are still relatively low.

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