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Aluminum plastic film is the last "city" in the process of power battery localization in China, and is also the most distinctive key material of soft pack battery, one of the "three swordsmen" of power battery. In the context of national policy towards high energy density batteries, the market penetration of soft battery is increasing, and the demand for aluminum plastic film is also rapidly increasing.

However, at present, the domestic aluminum plastic film market has been "trapped" in a large area, and the core technology is restricted by Japan and South Korea. The global power battery "boss" is held by the throat and depends on others, becoming the "unbearable war" in the industry.

"Unbearable sorrow"

As more and more vehicle enterprises and battery manufacturers adopt the soft package technology, the aluminum plastic film market has shown explosive growth. The data shows that in 2017, the demand for aluminum plastic film of lithium battery in China increased by 47% year on year. It is estimated that the demand for flexible battery and aluminum plastic film will increase from 26GWh and 120 million square meters to 94GWh and 280 million square meters respectively in the next five years. By 2030, the demand for power battery in China will reach 459GWh, of which the penetration rate of flexible battery will reach 45%, and the consumption of aluminum plastic film will also increase to 830 million square meters.

Although the market demand for aluminum plastic film in China is huge, what is "distressing" is that the domestic production rate of aluminum plastic film in China is only less than 10%, and it is mainly concentrated in the consumer 3C lithium battery field. The global aluminum plastic film market and technology have been monopolized by a few enterprises such as Japan and South Korea. Among them, Japan Printing Corporation (DNP), Japan Showa Electrician, Japan Relief Printing Corporation (T&T), and South Korea Kumura have mastered the core technology of aluminum plastic film and occupied most of the market. The aluminum plastic film produced by Japan Printing Corporation and Japan Showa Electrician alone accounts for 70% of the global market.

According to Battery China.com, China's high-end aluminum plastic film is highly dependent on imports, and the domestic market is monopolized by Japanese and Korean enterprises. The price of aluminum plastic film remains high, with a gross margin of 60-80%. For digital aluminum plastic film, some domestic enterprises can produce it; In the field of power battery, the policy subsidy for new energy vehicles declined significantly in 2017, and the pressure of terminal cost reduction was further transmitted to power battery and other manufacturers, which increased the pressure on the battery sector. At present, the cost of aluminum plastic film accounts for about 15% of the cost of soft battery, and the price difference between domestic and foreign products is about 20%~30%. Domestic lithium battery manufacturers urgently require to reduce the cost of raw materials for lithium batteries. Therefore, the demand for aluminum plastic film to replace imports and localization is becoming increasingly prominent.

"A drop in the bucket is a thousand miles away"

At present, China has become the largest power battery market in the world, and there are also emerging battery giants, whose technical strength is not what it used to be, but why can't the aluminum plastic film technology be broken? Battery China.com has learned that aluminum plastic film is composed of three layers of materials, namely, external resistance layer, penetration resistance layer and internal layer. Its indicators require many requirements, including extremely high resistance, good cold stamping formability, puncture resistance, electrolyte resistance stability, insulation, etc., and it is the most critical material with the highest technical barrier in the flexible battery.

Professionals in the industry said that the main problems existing in the current performance of aluminum plastic film products in China are that the electrolyte resistance and drawing depth are not up to the standard. The drawing depth of aluminum plastic film in China is about 5mm, while that in foreign countries can reach 8mm, and some even reach 12mm; In terms of thickness, the thinnest aluminum plastic film in China can only reach 70 μ m. The thinnest Japanese aluminum plastic film can reach 40 μ m。 In particular, the reaction conditions and precision control. In the manufacturing process of such high-precision materials, it is often "a drop in the bucket". The difficulty of process control is reflected in the drop in the bucket.

From the perspective of product performance, the gap between China's aluminum plastic film products and foreign products is also shown in the following aspects: backward aluminum foil surface treatment process and heavy pollution; The water treatment of aluminum foil will produce "hydrogen embrittlement", resulting in poor disassembly resistance of aluminum plastic film; The surface stiffness of aluminum foil is not enough, and the yield is poor; Polypropylene is easy to curl when compounded with aluminum foil surface with high thermal conductivity, resulting in layered crystallization; The domestic adhesive formulation process is poor, and the problem of delamination and peeling is easy to occur.

"Be brave when you know your shame, and strive to be the first when you hear the benefits"

"Be brave when you know your shame, and strive to be the first when you hear the benefits." Although there are huge technical barriers, the aluminum plastic film industry is bound to move towards comprehensive localization in the face of a bleak market share and huge market opportunities. Battery China has learned that domestic enterprises realize the localization of aluminum plastic film mainly through endogenous independent research and development and epitaxial mergers and acquisitions. At present, there is still a gap between domestic aluminum plastic film products and foreign high-end products in terms of performance and quality, but they have advantages in cost performance and sales, and are constantly improving technology and process.

Battery China.com learned that, through the acquisition of mature aluminum plastic film assets of Japanese letterpress printing company, the domestic Xinlun Technology has rapidly realized the introduction to domestic soft package power battery enterprises, and has taken the lead in supplying power battery factories such as Funeng Technology and Tianjin Javert, forming a first mover advantage. Through independent research and development, Dominion Optics has become one of the few enterprises that can mass produce aluminum plastic film in China. In 2017, it has obtained orders from more than 30 consumer lithium battery enterprises, and power battery customers are in the process of certification. Mingguan New Material's aluminum plastic film production capacity reached 30 million square meters in 2017, and it has signed medium and long-term cooperation agreements with Tianjin New Energy, Lithium Dynamic Power and other power battery enterprises.

In addition, Zijiang Enterprises, Putailai and other enterprises have gradually entered the field of lithium battery consumption through independent research and development and obtained orders. It is reported that Shanghai Enjie and other enterprises are planning to build aluminum plastic film projects.

Battery China.com believes that as one of the key materials for the packaging of flexible battery, with the large number of domestic flexible battery installations, the huge market demand for aluminum plastic film will bring rare development opportunities for domestic aluminum plastic film enterprises. As domestic enterprises continue to make technological breakthroughs and product quality is gradually recognized by battery enterprises, the domestic aluminum plastic film will break the foreign monopoly, "recover lost ground" and usher in a new situation of development.

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