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Lithium iron phosphate has no advantage in energy density

Although lithium iron phosphate batteries have the aforementioned advantages, they also have some drawbacks, which have led car companies to abandon lithium iron phosphate batteries and switch to ternary lithium ion batteries in the past two years. The most important aspect is that this type of battery has a lower energy density. Under the same range, vehicles using lithium iron phosphate batteries have a higher self weight, and excessive self weight is clearly detrimental to energy consumption control. In addition, China's new energy policy is also increasing its requirements for energy density year by year. Due to the characteristics of the materials themselves, it is difficult to improve the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries, which is also one of the reasons for their abandonment

Ternary lithium-ion batteries refer to lithium-ion batteries that use nickel cobalt lithium manganese oxide as the cathode material. Compared to lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary lithium-ion batteries have a more uniform overall performance, higher energy density, and higher volume to energy ratio. With the development of the battery industry, the price of ternary lithium-ion batteries has also reached an acceptable range for manufacturers.

Balanced comprehensive performance of ternary lithium-ion batteries

The biggest advantage of ternary lithium-ion batteries is their high energy density, which is usually above 200Wh/kg. Compared to 90-120Wh/kg of lithium iron phosphate, this performance is more user-friendly in terms of lightweight design and more suitable for the current demand for range in the new energy passenger vehicle market.

The drawbacks of ternary lithium-ion batteries are also prominent, with analysis temperatures ranging from 250 to 350 ℃. At this point, the internal chemical composition begins to be analyzed, releasing oxygen molecules. In high-temperature applications, the electrolyte will quickly burn, increasing the risk of battery self ignition and explosion. Therefore, vehicles equipped with ternary lithium-ion batteries have high requirements for battery management systems. During the design process, overcharge protection, over discharge protection, over temperature protection, and over current protection should be taken into account. However, with the advancement of technology, especially after the use of ceramic separators, the safety issues of ternary lithium-ion batteries have been improved. Due to their excellent comprehensive performance, they are currently widely used in the market.

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