-Why are lithium-ion batteries, not lead-acid batteries, responsible for electric vehicle fires and explosions?

Why are lithium-ion batteries, not lead-acid batteries, responsible for electric vehicle fires and explosions?
author:enerbyte source:本站 click217 Release date: 2023-09-11 08:38:55
abstract:
Lithium ion batteries, as a crucial source of power for electric vehicles, have the characteristics of high energy density, light weight, and excellent attenuation resistance. However, as a crucial chemical component of batteries, lithium ions have strong activity. Once a short circuit occurs,...

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Lithium ion batteries, as a crucial source of power for electric vehicles, have the characteristics of high energy density, light weight, and excellent attenuation resistance. However, as a crucial chemical component of batteries, lithium ions have strong activity. Once a short circuit occurs, a large amount of heat is released, causing combustion or even explosion.

The safety protection part of lithium-ion batteries lies in the separator between the positive and negative electrodes. During charging, lithium ions run from the positive electrode to the negative electrode through the electrolyte, which combines with the electrons from external charging. During discharge, in contrast, lithium ions run from the negative electrode to the negative electrode through the electrolyte, while external electrons pass through another path (electronic conductor) to the positive electrode, forming a discharge process. During normal charging and discharging, electrons and lithium ions reach the same electrode through two different paths, which are separated by a battery separator to guard against the risk of short circuits.

Electric vehicle hallway charging explosion, more than 90% of which is due to the lack of power outage protection during overcharging of lithium-ion batteries, causing lithium-ion crystals inside the battery to penetrate the diaphragm, causing large areas of lithium electrons and electrons to intersect, forming a short circuit. Electrolyte atomization encounters high temperatures and causes an open flame, resulting in a violent explosion and the release of a large amount of deadly gas.

In addition, lithium-ion batteries are subjected to compression, extreme high temperatures, and sudden falls can also cause the diaphragm to break, resulting in short circuits and violent explosions. However, qualified lithium-ion batteries and charging devices are equipped with intelligent power outages or high-strength protective devices, which generally do not ignite. Poor quality lithium-ion batteries and charging devices do not have these, and the risk of lithium-ion battery explosion will greatly increase!

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