-(2)Explain the differences between ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries

(2)Explain the differences between ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries
author:enerbyte source:本站 click125 Release date: 2023-12-25 13:05:00
abstract:
The disadvantage of lithium iron phosphate batteries is that their performance is greatly affected by temperature, especially in low-temperature environments where discharge capacity and capacity are significantly reduced. In addition, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate is relatively...

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The disadvantage of lithium iron phosphate batteries is that their performance is greatly affected by temperature, especially in low-temperature environments where discharge capacity and capacity are significantly reduced. In addition, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate is relatively low, with an energy density of only 120Wh/kg when considering the weight of the battery,

Ternary lithium-ion batteries refer to lithium-ion batteries with transition metal intercalated lithium oxide containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese as the positive electrode material. This material combines the advantages of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, and lithium manganese oxide, forming a three-phase eutectic system of the three materials. Due to the synergistic effect of the ternary system, its comprehensive performance is superior to any single combination compound. The weight energy density can reach 200Wh/kg.

However, the safety of ternary lithium-ion batteries is poor. The thermal stability of ternary lithium-ion batteries is poor, and decomposition occurs at 250-300 ℃. When encountering combustible electrolytes and carbon materials in the battery, it quickly ignites, and the heat generated further intensifies the decomposition of the positive electrode, causing it to explode in a very short time.

For safety reasons, new energy buses using ternary lithium-ion batteries cannot be included in the new energy vehicle catalog of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, while sedans and trucks are not affected. Although there are safety concerns, due to policy regulations on energy density, ternary lithium-ion batteries have shown a trend of replacing lithium iron phosphate batteries and becoming the mainstream of passenger cars.

Compared with lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary batteries have the advantage of higher energy density. With the rapid development of the electric vehicle market, people have increasingly high requirements for energy density, and the range has almost become the most crucial indicator to measure the technical level of pure electric vehicles. Previously, China's power lithium-ion battery technology route mainly focused on iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries. However, the government has also begun to tilt towards capacity density and range in new energy vehicle policy subsidies.

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