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What is the discharge rate of lithium batteries? Is the higher the discharge rate of lithium batteries better? We all know that with the increase of charging and discharging times, the capacity of lithium batteries will decrease, which is directly reflected in the deteriorating performance of lithium batteries. The same type of battery, with long-term high rate discharge, also has an impact on the cycle life, which will decay faster. So what is the lithium discharge rate? Is the higher the discharge rate of lithium batteries better?

What is the discharge rate of lithium batteries

Discharge rate refers to the current required for a battery to discharge its rated capacity within a specified time. It is equal to a multiple of the battery's rated capacity in terms of data value, usually represented by the letter C. The capacity of each battery is a certain amount over a certain period of time, and the discharge rate of a lithium battery refers to several times the amount of discharge compared to conventional discharge within the same period of time. The energy that can be released under different currents is generally required to test the discharge performance of the battery cell under different constant current conditions.

When discharging with a current of N times the 1C capacity of the battery, and the discharge capacity is above 85% of the 1C capacity of the battery, we consider the discharge rate of the battery to be N times. The discharge platform is related to the discharge rate (current) of the battery, and the higher the discharge rate, the lower the discharge platform voltage,

Test the discharge rate of lithium batteries: The normal discharge rate standard for lithium batteries is 1C, and the discharge current on a single battery is 1.1A. If you want to test for 1C, you can connect an electrical appliance with a power of about 4 watts to test.

The higher the discharge rate of lithium batteries, the better?

Firstly, high and low battery levels have the most adverse impact on the lifespan of lithium batteries, while the number of charge and discharge cycles is secondary. In fact, the number of repeatable charges indicated on most electrical appliances or batteries sold is based on a discharge rate of 80% as the benchmark test. Long term low or no battery state will increase the resistance to electronic movement inside the battery, leading to a decrease in battery capacity.

Secondly, temperature also has a significant impact on the lifespan of lithium batteries. Environments below freezing point may cause lithium-ion batteries to burn out at the moment electronic products are opened, while overheated environments can reduce battery capacity.

The more lithium batteries are discharged, the greater the battery loss. The more fully the battery is charged, the greater the battery loss. It is best for lithium batteries to be in the middle of their battery life, as this will result in the longest battery life. Unlike normal charging and discharging cycles, the smaller the charging rate under overcharging conditions, the more severe the lifespan degradation of lithium-ion batteries.

Factors limiting the charging and discharging rate performance of lithium batteries

1. Internal resistance of lithium batteries

Conductive agents are generally added inside the positive electrode active material to reduce the contact resistance between the active materials and between the active materials and the positive electrode substrate/collector, improve the conductivity (ion and electron conductivity) of the positive electrode material, and enhance the rate performance. Different materials and shapes of conductive agents can affect the internal resistance of lithium batteries, thereby affecting their rate performance.

2. Ionic conductivity of electrolyte

The ionic conductivity of electrolytes, like the resistance of water, has a significant impact on the speed of lithium ion swimming. At present, the organic electrolytes used in lithium-ion batteries, whether liquid or solid, have low ion conductivity. The resistance of electrolytes has become an important component of the overall battery resistance, and its impact on the high rate performance of lithium batteries cannot be ignored.

The charging and discharging rate of lithium-ion batteries determines how quickly we can store a certain amount of energy into the battery, or release the energy from the battery. Generally speaking, over discharge will increase the internal pressure of lithium-ion batteries, and the reversibility of positive and negative active materials will be damaged. Even if charged, it can only partially recover, and the capacity will also significantly decline.

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