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What is the discharge cut-off voltage of lithium iron batteries? Based on the discharge voltage, it can be determined whether the working performance of iron lithium batteries is stable, as well as the maximum current allowed for stable operation of the battery. The voltage of a lithium iron battery is the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes, and the specific key parameters include open circuit voltage, operating voltage, charging and discharging cut-off voltage, etc.

What is the discharge cut-off voltage of lithium iron batteries?

The working voltage of a typical lithium battery is 3.7V, and the termination voltage is 3.2V; The working voltage of lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.26V, and the termination voltage is 2.5V. The voltage at which iron lithium batteries are fully charged is known in the industry as the "termination charging voltage". According to the battery industry standard, this voltage is about 1.2 times the rated voltage value. For a 3.6V mobile phone battery, the termination charging voltage is 4.2-4.3V.

The working principle of the discharge termination voltage of iron lithium batteries:

The nominal voltage of a single lithium iron battery is generally designed to be 3.7V and the termination voltage to be 2.75V. There are two situations where the manufacturer increases the upper limit of the termination voltage to 3.0V. One is the electrochemical properties determined by the lithium battery material, which is often considered from the perspective of safer battery use; The second is to be associated with specific electrical products and the electrical environment. Of course, there are also opposite situations where the termination voltage can be designed lower, such as 2.5V and 2.4V, but there are no lower than 2.4V.

If the working temperature during discharge is within the range of -20~60 ℃, a lithium battery with a termination voltage of 2.75V can actually continue to discharge, but it must not be lower than 2.5V. As mentioned earlier, the loss between 2.75V~2.5V may be partial, and below 2.5V, it will cause the most serious damage, rendering the battery unusable.

Lithium iron batteries also have a termination voltage, which is sometimes referred to as a core lithium battery. The discharge termination voltage of the core lithium battery should not be less than 2.75 × n. Taking the most commonly used 6-cell lithium battery in laptops as an example, this type of 6-cell lithium battery often uses a combination of 3 series and 2 parallel. Therefore, the discharge cutoff voltage of this type of lithium battery is 2.75V × 3=8.25V, and in practice, it should not be lower than 2.5V × 3=7.5V.

In fact, due to the relatively high price of lithium-ion batteries, both single and multi-core lithium batteries come with protective plates or ICs. When the voltage of the iron lithium battery reaches the termination voltage, the battery will send a certain signal through electrical appliances. Users should remember the operation method.

The relationship between the battery capacity and voltage of iron lithium batteries:

During discharge, the voltage of the lithium battery gradually decreases with the passage of the battery charge, and there is a considerable slope. This provides us with another approximate way of measuring electricity. The method of measuring battery voltage is similar to the principle that measuring the height of the water surface in a water tank can roughly estimate the remaining water volume. But in reality, the voltage of the battery is much more complex than measuring the height of the calm water surface inside the water tank.

The larger the discharge current, the lower the voltage. In the absence of current, the voltage is highest. As the cycle progresses, the discharge platform of lithium-ion batteries tends to deteriorate. The discharge platform is lowered. So the capacity represented by the same voltage also changes accordingly.

The voltage value of the same iron lithium battery varies with the magnitude of the discharge current under the same remaining capacity. The discharge platform of lithium-ion batteries varies slightly among different manufacturers and capacities.

During the grouping process of lithium batteries, due to the subtle differences in the material composition of lithium cells and the level of grouping technology, the functional performance of lithium cells may be inconsistent during use and placement. This is the discrete phenomenon of lithium batteries. The quantitative indicator to describe this discrete phenomenon is the degree of dispersion, which is obtained by the functional relationship of several parameters. The main factors that cause changes in the value of the degree of dispersion are resistance, voltage, capacity, temperature, etc.

1. The inconsistency of internal resistance, especially polarization resistance, in iron lithium batteries leads to drastic voltage changes in individual batteries during charging and discharging, resulting in drastic changes in the entire battery pack;

2. The inconsistent voltage of individual ultra-thin batteries will affect the peak shaving ability of lithium battery packs, resulting in a decrease in the energy released by the overall battery pack;

3. Due to the exothermic and endothermic processes involved in the operation of ultra-thin batteries, the battery temperature constantly changes. When overheated, it can lead to performance degradation and safety hazards. It has been proven that the fuse for electric vehicle operation and testing fires in recent years is due to inadequate overheating protection, which causes the battery to heat up and catch fire. This is not only true for lithium manganese oxide batteries, but also for lithium iron phosphate batteries.

The above is an introduction to the discharge cut-off voltage of iron lithium batteries. Different lithium battery manufacturers have different market positioning and technological means, and their controlled discharge platforms and quality vary greatly.

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