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Why do electric vehicle lithium batteries overheat? Will it explode? There are two ways for electric vehicle lithium batteries to generate heat: discharge and charging. Electric vehicle batteries generate a large amount of heat during charging and use. If not evacuated in a timely manner, high temperatures or even natural conditions may occur. So what are the reasons for the heating of electric vehicle batteries? What should I do if the battery heats up? Let me talk about it.

Why do electric vehicle lithium batteries overheat?

If the discharge is too fast, it may be due to the small capacity of the lithium battery and the discharge current exceeding 0.5C for a long time.

When the rated voltage of the motor is low, the battery capacity is small, and the working current is too high, the voltage will sharply decrease, and the capacity will be quickly consumed, which is most detrimental to the battery.

Problems with lithium batteries, such as aging, increased internal resistance, electrolyte drying, and internal short circuits, can cause heating.

During the charging and discharging process, the lithium battery solution for electric vehicles forms sulfuric acid crystals, precipitates, and adheres to the lead plate, resulting in an increase in battery resistance and heating.

General chargers do not have pulse function, let alone negative pulse polarization elimination function. These chargers usually cannot maintain a constant voltage in the later stage of charging, which can cause the voltage of electric vehicle lithium batteries to exceed the allowable value, resulting in a large amount of gas evolution, water loss, and heating of the battery.

An excessively high temperature environment can increase the internal pressure of the battery, forcing the battery pressure limiting valve to automatically open. The direct consequence is an increase in the battery's water loss. Excessive water loss in the battery will inevitably lead to a decrease in battery activity, accelerate the softening of the electrode plate, and cause fatal damage such as heating, bulging, and deformation of the shell during charging.

Battery aging, increased internal resistance, electrolyte drying, internal short circuits, and other issues caused by the battery's own heating. As the number of uses of the battery increases, including discharge and charging, the water molecules in the lithium battery gradually dissipate, leading to the battery heating in electrochemical reactions; In addition, during the charging and discharging process, the battery solution forms sulfuric acid crystals, which precipitate and stick to the electrode plate, causing an increase in battery resistance and heating.

Will electric vehicle lithium batteries overheat and explode?

The most common cause of explosion for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles is errors during the charging process. In electronic devices using lithium batteries, there is often software that sets the amount of electricity and charging speed that lithium batteries should charge. If there is an error in the relevant settings, it will cause the compounds in the lithium battery to become unstable, leading to a problem known as "thermal runaway" by researchers, which can cause combustion or explosion.

Long term crystallization in lithium batteries can lead to short circuits, during which the battery cells rapidly discharge, generating a large amount of heat and burning the separator. High temperature can cause the electrolyte to decompose into gas, and when the pressure is too high, the battery cell will explode.

If it is an extreme situation, such as squeezing, piercing, throwing fire, high temperature, etc. Both regular and non-standard batteries may experience explosions. During use, the maximum temperature should generally not exceed 60 degrees Celsius. In addition, in low-temperature environments, the internal chemical reactions of the battery will slow down and affect its performance. But there won't be an explosion.

How to solve the problem of electric vehicle lithium battery overheating?

① In summer, when charging electric vehicles, do not place the battery in sunlight. It should be placed in a cool place and do not cover items on the lithium battery. Generally, overheating will not occur.

② If the electric vehicle battery has been charged for a long time, but the red light still shows that it is not fully charged, it is abnormal to feel that the battery is very hot or hot when touched by hand. At this time, charging should be stopped.

③ Do not mix lithium battery chargers, especially be careful not to use high voltage chargers to charge low voltage batteries. Of course, try not to go to the fast charging station on the daily street.

The reasons for the heating of electric vehicle lithium batteries during charging include poor chargers and quality issues. If this situation occurs, we must be cautious and hope it can be helpful to everyone!

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