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At present, compared with the cost of fuel vehicles, the cost of electric vehicle batteries is still high. The US Energy Department has disclosed three new energy storage technologies, which may help electric vehicles enter the mainstream automotive market and become affordable consumption.

Several new energy storage technologies that may promote the battery revolution

Back in 2013, Edmunds, an automotive service website, studied the Chevy Volt and found that its actual cost of ownership in five years, including the price of the car, fuel and maintenance costs, was thousands of dollars lower than the retail price of the fuel car. Therefore, comparing the cost of energy storage technology with the cost of empty fuel tank cannot fully reflect the true cost of an electric vehicle.

At present, there are three kinds of electric vehicle energy storage technologies that are worthy of attention

Let's look at the three emerging battery technologies that the Ministry of Energy focuses on.

Lithium ion battery metal replacement

Gerbrand Ceder, a battery researcher at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, believes that iron or manganese can be used to replace cobalt and nickel currently used in lithium-ion batteries based on price and scarcity factors. In this way, in addition to reducing costs, it can also eliminate the monopoly industry caused by the lack of metal and the insecurity of the automobile battery supply chain. Gebland expects the technology to be available within five to six years.

Solid state battery

Solid state battery technology is another technology that may be put into the market within five years. This type of battery does not use flammable liquid electrolyte, but is developed based on a solid, non-flammable material. This security advantage of solid-state batteries helps to reduce costs, as it eliminates the need to design additional protection systems in the battery. The advantage of reducing additional systems is to reduce the weight of the battery itself, leave more space for energy storage elements, and help improve the battery's endurance (it should be noted that modern lithium-ion batteries can ensure safety to a certain extent with proper design).

Several new energy storage technologies that may promote the battery revolution

Multivalent battery

Multi-valent battery technology is considered as a promising energy storage technology, and Berkeley Laboratory said:

This technology does not use "monovalent" lithium ions, but uses materials with more charged ions, such as magnesium, calcium, or aluminum. Therefore, the so-called "multivalent battery" may be smaller and more powerful than lithium-ion battery. However, it may take about 10 years for the multivalent battery to become a product of marketization and reach the level comparable to the existing electric vehicle battery.

In addition to the above three battery technologies that can be used in electric vehicles, there is also an energy storage technology for public utilities. That is sodium ion energy storage technology. Although it is not very suitable for electric vehicles, it is suitable for large-scale energy storage. Scientists say that the cost of sodium ion batteries is only half that of lithium ion batteries. Perhaps in the future, it can become an important choice for wind power generation and energy storage after lithium ion batteries.

Several new energy storage technologies that may promote the battery revolution

Berkeley Laboratories explained this:

The working principle of sodium ion battery is the same as that of lithium ion battery. The difference is that it moves sodium ion instead of lithium ion. And sodium itself is much cheaper than lithium. Scientists pointed out that the application of large-scale sodium ion technology for energy storage has only three to four years of development. If it is further commercialized, it will help the storage and application of renewable energy, eliminate coal and petroleum power generation as soon as possible, and maintain the green environment.

In addition to the above three new technologies, the technological progress of liquid flow battery is also a promising point, and the future energy storage technology may present revolutionary development.

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