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With the rapid increase of domestic new energy vehicle sales, the recovery and reuse of new energy vehicle power battery has also been put on the agenda.

"Generally speaking, the capacity of the power battery is less than 80% and it can no longer be used in new energy vehicles, but this does not mean that the scrapped battery has lost its value. It can also be used for storage or related power supply base stations, street lamps, and low-speed electric vehicles." Yin Chengliang, vice president of the Automotive Engineering Research Institute of Shanghai Jiaotong University, said in an interview with reporters earlier.

Referring to the experience of foreign countries, both GM and Nissan have successfully utilized power batteries in echelon. "However, as far as I know, all the work involved in this field is still at the theoretical stage." Yu Qingjiao, the founder of China Battery Network, told the reporter that in his view, "the state should introduce relevant policies to take the lead in establishing and encouraging enterprises to participate, and jointly improve the recycling and cascade utilization of power batteries, so as to avoid repeating the mistakes of resource waste and environmental pollution caused by insufficient recycling of lead-acid batteries".

Power battery sales growth

The so-called cascade utilization of power lithium battery refers to the secondary use after disassembling, testing and classifying the power battery after use.

The reporter learned that before the large-scale promotion and application of new energy vehicles, the consumption demand of the domestic lithium battery market was mainly concentrated in the 3C field. Because the lithium battery capacity of these products was relatively small and the cost was not high, they did not receive enough attention in recycling.

With the growth of sales of new energy vehicles, the demand for automotive power batteries is further highlighted.

According to the statistics of the China Automobile Industry Association, the domestic sales of new energy vehicles reached 10501 in the first four months of this year, up 154% year on year. With the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market, it is urgent to put forward solutions for the recovery and reuse of power batteries.

According to data, the domestic lithium battery market demand exceeded 11 million KWH in 2013, of which the demand of electric vehicles market (mainly new energy vehicles) accounted for 26.52%, more than 2.9 million KWH; In 2011, this figure was only about 960000 KWH. At the same time, according to the data provided by the Gaogong Lithium Battery Industry Research Institute, in the first five months of this year, the proportion of lithium batteries consumed by domestic mobile phones and laptops decreased by 2 and 4 percentage points respectively, while that of electric vehicles and energy storage increased by 4 and 1 percentage points respectively. In the future, with the expansion of the new energy vehicle market, the demand for power lithium battery market will also usher in explosive growth.

Compared with 3C products, the power battery of new energy vehicles accounts for up to 30% of the total vehicle cost, and as long as the battery capacity is less than 80%, it can no longer be used in new energy vehicles.

In theory, after the power battery is eliminated, it can be completely used in new energy distributed power stations, disaster prevention strongholds, street lamps and communication base stations. "Relatively speaking, the energy density of lithium batteries in energy storage stations is relatively low," said Yin Chengliang.

In the view of Zhang Qian, deputy general manager of CCID Consulting Automotive Industry Research Center, if the cascade utilization of power battery of new energy vehicles can be systematized and scaled up, it will undoubtedly reduce the production and use costs of new energy vehicles. According to its introduction, before that, due to the implementation of recycling and the improvement of scale effect, the cost of 18650 cylindrical batteries used by Tesla, an electric vehicle manufacturer, decreased by about 40% from 2007 to 2012.

"Stop and go" battery cascade utilization

"At present, including the Beijing and Zhejiang companies affiliated to the State Grid of China, they are committed to the research on the residual energy of power batteries and have invested funds in the research project of cascade utilization, but the progress is relatively slow." Sun Dongdong, a new energy analyst at OFweek Industry Research Center, told reporters.

"The market of electric vehicles has not been fully developed. In addition, the cascade utilization of power batteries is completely feasible in theory, but there are still many obstacles in practical operation." Luo Huanta, assistant president of the Institute of Lithium Battery Industry of Gaogong, said in an interview.

However, the problem is not only that. "In terms of the current situation of the industry, due to the different battery routes, battery specifications and battery evaluation requirements of different automobile enterprises in China, there are too many types of batteries and the output is too scattered, which also brings more difficulties to the 'aftermarket', that is, cascade utilization," said Sun Dongdong.

In addition to the technical level, it is obvious that there are still problems to be solved in the industrial chain to promote the cascade utilization. In Sun Dongdong's view, due to the fragmented situation in China's new energy vehicle industry chain, it is difficult to take the initiative of vehicle companies, battery companies or battery rental operators to take the lead in the research of power battery cascade utilization.

"Before the relevant industrial chain has formed a complete closed loop, it is more appropriate for the government to promote it," Yu said.

In the Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2012-2020) issued in July 2012, Relevant government departments have clearly proposed "to formulate management measures for power battery recycling, establish a power battery cascade utilization and recycling management system, and clarify the responsibilities, rights and obligations of all parties concerned. Guide power battery manufacturers to strengthen the recycling of waste batteries, and encourage the development of specialized battery recycling enterprises." However, In this plan, there are no specific provisions on the rights, responsibilities and responsible parties in the recycling process.

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