-Comparative analysis of advantages and disadvantages of solid lithium ion battery and hydrogen fuel power lithium battery

Comparative analysis of advantages and disadvantages of solid lithium ion battery and hydrogen fuel power lithium battery
author:enerbyte source:本站 click372 Release date: 2023-02-15 10:07:52
abstract:
The power technology routes of new energy vehicles have their own advantages and disadvantages, and their application fields have their own emphases With the rise of solid lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen fuel-powered lithium batteries, they have become an important techni...

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The power technology routes of new energy vehicles have their own advantages and disadvantages, and their application fields have their own emphases

With the rise of solid lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen fuel-powered lithium batteries, they have become an important technical route for the development of new energy vehicle industry.

(1) The lithium-ion battery industry has a solid foundation, but the solid-state battery technology needs to be improved

Solid state lithium-ion battery technology is an important direction to achieve breakthrough in energy density of automobile power lithium-ion battery. Solid battery has the advantages of high ionic conductivity, high mechanical strength and high energy density. Utilize China's original technology accumulation and industrial resources in the field of lithium ion batteries to realize large-scale processing at a lower cost. Solid state batteries have great potential and energy density in terms of safety, but a lot of research work needs to be done to improve the electrode/electrolyte interface, solid state electrolyte treatment, and chemical stability to make up for shortcomings, such as reducing the number of exercise fields, charging difficulties, and high energy efficiency temperature control system at low temperature.

(2) Hydrogen fuel-powered lithium battery has obvious performance advantages, but lacks core technology and supporting construction

Hydrogen fuel-powered lithium battery, another branch of development, is also highly respected in the industry. Hydrogen fuel-powered lithium battery has the characteristics of light weight, long service life, high energy density, short charging time, long range and environmental protection. However, its key components, such as proton exchange membrane, catalyst, bipolar plate and other core technologies, have been monopolized by foreign countries for a long time, seriously restricting industrial development. China has not yet formed a complete set of hydrogen energy ecological chain for hydrogen production, storage and hydrogenation, and the construction of hydrogen energy infrastructure is insufficient, which is difficult to promote on a large scale in a short time.

The potential application advantages of the two power technology routes are different

The development environment of domestic new energy vehicles is complex and the demand is different. Solid lithium ion battery and hydrogen fuel power lithium battery technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages, and each has potential for practical application.

In terms of energy distribution, climate, geography and regional functional differences, the two technical routes have their own applications. First of all, the distribution of domestic coal resources is uneven. Nearly 50% of coal resources are distributed in North China, and about 30% of reserves are distributed in Northwest China, while there are few coal resources in East China and Southwest China. The reserve capacity of power plants in North China and Northwest China can supply power for solid-state lithium-ion battery vehicles through charging piles, thus achieving the dual effects of fuel substitution and improving the utilization of electric energy. According to statistics, China's average wind abandonment rate in 2018 was 7%, mainly concentrated in Xinjiang, Gansu, Tibet and other regions. With the development of hydrogen production technology, these unused resources can be converted into hydrogen and stored in compressed gas storage, liquefied hydrogen storage and other ways. Therefore, the local abundant renewable energy provides unique conditions for the development of hydrogen fuel powered lithium battery vehicles. Secondly, the existing solid state battery technology can not meet the application needs of the Northeast and other high-cold areas, and hydrogen fuel lithium battery can be used as an alternative technology in these areas. Third, in terms of geographical conditions, cities in the eastern region are relatively concentrated and develop rapidly. The number of vehicles continues to increase, and the short-distance traffic routes are dense, which is suitable for the development of solid-state lithium-ion battery vehicles. In addition, it is relatively easy to centrally arrange hydrogen stations in the port. It can be transformed into commercial vehicles parked in the port, and the hydrogen industry can be arranged in the port. It is convenient to set up oil and hydrogen mixing stations in the service areas along the expressway, build hydrogen inter-city expressway, and realize the integrated layout of hydrogen filling stations, gas filling stations and charging stations.

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