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lithium battery concept

Lithium batteries are a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and non-aqueous electrolyte solutions. The earliest scientist to invent lithium batteries was Edison. Of course, people are no longer unfamiliar with lithium batteries, especially after their widespread application in the fields of automobiles, electric vehicles, and other transportation vehicles, people's attention to lithium batteries has increased to a higher level.

Detailed explanation of the production process flowchart for lithium batteries

Classification of lithium batteries

1. Lithium batteries are usually divided into two categories based on their internal materials:

Lithium metal batteries: Lithium metal batteries generally use manganese dioxide as the positive electrode material, metallic lithium or its alloy metal as the negative electrode material, and use non-aqueous electrolyte solutions.

Lithium ion batteries: Lithium ion batteries are generally batteries that use lithium alloy metal oxides as the positive electrode material, graphite as the negative electrode material, and non-aqueous electrolytes.

Although lithium metal batteries have a high energy density, theoretically they can reach 3860 watts per kilogram. However, due to its unstable nature and inability to charge, it cannot be used as a power battery for repeated use. And lithium-ion batteries, due to their ability to charge repeatedly, are being developed as the main power battery. However, due to the combination of different elements, the performance of the cathode materials composed of them varies greatly in various aspects, leading to increased disputes in the industry over the route of cathode materials.

The most commonly mentioned power batteries include lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium manganese oxide batteries, lithium cobalt oxide batteries, and ternary lithium batteries (ternary nickel cobalt manganese)

2. Classified by purpose; It can also be divided into two categories:

The first one is digital batteries, which are the phones, tablets, mobile power supplies, and so on that we use in our daily lives. These are all digital batteries.

The second type is power batteries, which are used in Tesla, BYD, and other new energy electric vehicles, as well as drones and other products. These batteries require a high instantaneous current, and digital batteries cannot meet the high instantaneous current. Therefore, this type of battery is also called high rate batteries, which are more expensive than digital batteries.

3. According to the shell material, it can be divided into three categories:

The first type, steel shell batteries, as the name suggests, have a steel shell.

The second type is aluminum shell batteries, and similarly, the shell is made of aluminum material.

The third type is polymer batteries, where the outer shell is made of a polymer material, mostly silver, and a few manufacturers make it black, which is known as black skin in the industry.

4. There are also three types of shapes:

The first type is cylindrical batteries, which are widely used, such as 1865026650 and so on. These are generally used in combination, and those with fewer combinations can be used as digital products, such as early laptops, which usually had 8 18650s, mobile power supplies, ranging from one to five or six combinations, and Tesla's more than 7000 series parallel combinations of 18650s.

The second type is square batteries, which are mostly polymer batteries because they have good ductility and can be made into many shapes. The length, width, and height can be adjusted freely. Nowadays, most digital products use this type of battery.

The third type is irregular batteries, which are some strange shaped batteries that need to be matched according to the product's needs. For example, popular smart wearable products such as smart bracelets are circular, so the batteries are also made into circular shapes.

The structure of lithium batteries

The structure of lithium batteries is divided into five parts, namely positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, electrolyte, and shell.

(1) The positive electrode of a lithium battery contains active substances, conductive agents, solvents, adhesives, substrates, and other substances.

(2) The negative electrode of a lithium battery contains active substances, adhesives, solvents, substrates, and other substances.

(3) lithium battery separator

(4) lithium battery electrolyte

(5) The lithium battery casing includes hardware components such as steel casing, aluminum casing, cover plate, pole ear, insulation tape, etc.

lithium battery production process diagram

The production process of lithium batteries is not very consistent with each manufacturer, but most of them cannot do without these links, as shown in the following figure:

Specifically, it can be described as follows: material preparation - homogenization - coating - rolling - cutting - baking - winding - shell insertion - laser welding - baking - liquid injection - pre filling - sealing - cleaning - aging - full inspection - storage - shipment.

lithium battery production process flow

Objectively speaking, the production process of lithium batteries can be divided into three stages: electrode fabrication, battery cell fabrication, and battery assembly. In the production process of lithium batteries, electrode fabrication is the foundation, cell fabrication is the core, and battery assembly is related to the quality of lithium battery products. The specific steps in the production process of lithium batteries include positive electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry, positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate, steel shell assembly, liquid injection and testing, and packaging.

Introduction to the production process of lithium batteries

As is well known, the production process of lithium-ion batteries is quite complex. After all, the safety performance of lithium-ion battery products is directly related to the life and health of consumers. In the production and manufacturing of natural lithium-ion batteries, there are high requirements for the performance, accuracy, stability, and automation level of equipment. Taking the preparation of electrode slurry in the production process of lithium batteries as an example, this is the most important and timely step in the entire production process, as the mixing and dispersion process of electrode slurry has a greater impact on product quality than 30%. What is the reason?

The reason is that the preparation of positive and negative electrode slurries for lithium batteries involves a series of process processes such as mixing, dissolution, and dispersion between liquids and solid materials, accompanied by changes in temperature, viscosity, and environment. The dispersion and uniformity of granular active substances in positive and negative electrode slurries directly affect the movement of lithium ions between the two poles of the battery. Therefore, the dispersion quality of electrode slurries directly affects the product performance of lithium batteries.

From this, it can be seen that each production link in the lithium battery production process is closely related to product quality and safety. Each link in the lithium battery production process must be strictly and meticulously managed in order to improve the safety performance of lithium battery products.

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