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Detailed explanation of series and parallel connection methods and precautions for lithium batteries. Parallel connection of lithium batteries can increase the total current, while series connection can increase the total voltage. Connecting lithium batteries in series and parallel may sound simple, but the prerequisite is that the method is used correctly and there are some precautions to avoid unnecessary problems. Therefore, the editor will talk to you about the methods and precautions for series and parallel connection of lithium batteries, and everyone is optimistic!

Series connection of lithium batteries:

It refers to the interconnection of lithium batteries. The positive pole of the first battery is connected to the negative pole of the second battery, and the positive pole of the second battery is connected to the negative pole of the third battery, and so on. The series voltage is equal to the sum of battery voltages, and the current is equal to the current flowing through each battery. Damage to one section of a lithium battery pack can cause the entire battery pack to become unusable or the voltage to decrease.

Parallel connection of lithium batteries:

It refers to the lithium battery being connected at the beginning and end. That is, the positive poles of all batteries are connected, and the negative poles of all batteries are connected. The parallel voltage is equal to the voltage of a single battery, and the current is equal to the sum of battery currents. Parallel connection can increase the total current.

The combination of lithium battery packs requires these two methods to achieve the required voltage and capacity. Batteries are generally connected through nickel plates, which require specialized equipment to weld the nickel plates to the battery cells. This method is relatively sturdy and safe. Then connect the corresponding protection before outputting.

The method of series and parallel connection for lithium batteries:

The method of series connection of lithium batteries: The positive pole of the latter lithium battery is connected to the negative pole of the previous lithium battery, leaving only the positive pole of the first lithium battery and the negative pole of the last lithium battery.

The method of parallel connection of lithium batteries: the positive pole of the latter lithium battery is connected to the positive pole of the previous lithium battery, and the negative pole of the latter lithium battery is connected to the negative pole of the previous lithium battery.

In a lithium battery pack, multiple lithium batteries are connected in series to obtain the required operating voltage. If higher capacity and greater current are required, then the power type lithium batteries should be connected in parallel first. The combination of series and parallel methods can achieve high voltage and high capacity standards. For example, for a 36V10AH electric vehicle, 50 2000MAH 3.6V lithium-ion batteries are connected in parallel to achieve a capacity of 10AH; Then connect 10 parallel batteries in series together; After being connected in series, the voltage of the battery can reach over 36V.

Precautions for series and parallel connection of lithium batteries:

After parallel connection of lithium batteries, there are generally two situations that occur:

1. A battery with low internal resistance will discharge towards a battery with high internal resistance, and usually a new or high-capacity battery has relatively lower internal resistance.

2. When discharging, the battery with low internal resistance will discharge first, and after a period of time, the two sets of batteries can output power together.

So, if the internal resistance of two sets of lead-acid batteries is not significantly different, they can be directly connected in parallel without the need for any additional electronic devices. However, pay attention to charging, as there is no suitable charger available, they can be charged separately. When two sets of lithium batteries with significant differences in internal resistance are connected in parallel, it is not suitable for batteries with small internal resistance. It is recommended to discharge them separately and not directly connected in parallel.

When two sets of lithium batteries are connected in parallel, attention should also be paid to the internal resistance. In short, if the internal resistance difference between two sets of batteries in parallel is not significant, they can be directly connected in parallel. If the internal resistance difference is significant, it is advisable to discharge them separately. Alternatively, use a set of batteries with low internal resistance first, and after a period of time, when the difference between the two sets of batteries is not significant, directly connect them in parallel.

3. Do not mix different brands of lithium batteries, different capacities, or old and new lithium batteries together, choose batteries with consistent performance. When the battery is low, replace all batteries. When using lithium batteries in series, the same type of battery should be used. Pay attention to the polarity of the battery. If the polarity of one battery is reversed, it will reduce the voltage of the entire series of batteries instead of increasing the voltage.

4. The general use of lithium batteries in series and parallel requires pairing of lithium battery cells. The pairing standards are: voltage difference of lithium battery cells ≤ 10mV, internal resistance difference of lithium battery cells ≤ 5m Ω, and capacity difference of lithium battery cells ≤ 20mA.

5. Series connection is to increase voltage, while parallel connection is to increase output current. In addition to series parallel lithium batteries according to load requirements, load balancing should also be considered to ensure consistent battery discharge.

The main difference between parallel and series lithium-ion batteries is in voltage and capacity. Whether in series or parallel, the output power of lithium-ion battery packs increases. When connected in series, the voltage increases while the capacity remains unchanged, while when connected in parallel, the capacity increases while the voltage remains unchanged. The above article hopes to provide reference for the series parallel connection of your lithium battery.

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